BUS AND TRUCK MECHANICS AND DIESEL ENGINE SPECIALISTS Number 251 Interest Area 5-D 1998
THE JOB
BUS AND TRUCK MECHANICS AND DIESEL ENGINE SPECIALISTS keep the equipment under their care operating safely, dependably and economically. Some work mostly on diesel engines of equipment such as farm machines, ships, locomotives, compressors and pumps used in oil well drilling and in irrigation. Others work mainly on construction equipment such as cranes, power shovels, bulldozers and paving machines. Mechanics work on diesel and gasoline-powered vehicles such as buses and trucks. They may also work on equipment such as earth movers and graders.
Mechanics' duties vary with shop policy as well as the type of equipment they work on. In engine building shops, some mechanics repair and adjust engines to restore them to good working order, while others specialize in parts of the engine such as fuel injection systems. Mechanics who work in garages or heavy equipment shops usually have more varied duties. They may work on engines, transmissions, differentials, chassis, brakes, steering gears and front ends, as well as on motors, compressors, hydraulic and electrical systems. Depending on shop policy, mechanics have the option to specialize in certain parts of the machine or vehicle they repair. All mechanics diagnose problems and dismantle, clean, repair, refit, assemble and test the equipment according to manufacturers' manuals and specifications. Mechanics use pressure gauges, precision instruments, torque wrenches and other hand tools to perform their duties.
WORKING CONDITIONS
Most mechanics work in repair shops that may be noisy, greasy and dirty. Some mechanics work outdoors in all kinds of weather.
The work requires considerable physical activity including some heavy lifting. Mechanics may stand, stoop, kneel and crouch during the course of their work.
Hazards in this occupation include exposure to fumes, hand and finger injuries, burns from hot surfaces and the possibility of electrical shock from ignition systems.
Mechanics are expected to have their own tools and precision instruments, which can cost from $1,000 to over $5,000. Employers also provide tools and power equipment.
Mechanics may join the International Association of Machinists and Aerospace Workers. In the construction industry they may belong to the Operating Engineers Union.
EMPLOYMENT OUTLOOK
The following information is from the California Projections of Employment published by the Labor Market Information Division.
Estimated number of workers in 1993 19,840 Estimated number of workers in 2005 26,800 Projected Growth 1993-2005 35% Estimated openings due to separations by 2005 5,660
(These figures do not include self-employment or openings due to turnover.)
Employment of this group of mechanics is expected to increase faster than the average for all occupations through 2005. As freight transportation increases, demand should remain steady during the next few years. The number of job openings will result almost equally from industry expansion and from the need to replace mechanics who retire or leave the occupation for other reasons.
Although the job market appears to be good for experienced mechanics, the market for trainees or inexperienced workers is still competitive.
The introduction of computerized components requires that mechanics improve their skill in electronic repair and troubleshooting. Qualified, experienced mechanics will have little difficulty in finding a job.
WAGES, HOURS, AND FRINGE BENEFITS
Wages vary by area, but the hourly median wage for Bus and Truck Mechanics and Diesel Engine Specialists in California is $16.69. Experienced mechanics can earn over $24 per hour.
Fringe benefits include dental, vision, life insurance, paid vacations and retirement plans. The standard workweek is 40 hours. Most shops provide clean uniforms.
ENTRANCE REQUIREMENTS AND TRAINING
High school graduation is not necessary but it is preferred. Most employers will substitute experience for education. Recommended school subjects include auto shop, metal shop, machine shop and science. Good reading and basic math skills are needed to study technical manuals and to keep up with new technology and repair procedures.
Employers generally hire mechanics with one to five years of experience. They may also hire applicants with two to three years of technical and trade school training. Some employers will hire applicants who show mechanical ability, or who have a lot of automobile mechanical experience. Many small employers tend to hire experienced mechanics.
Applicants may be required to take a pre-employment physical exam and a drug test. Required lifting can range from 50-70 pounds. Essential skills include the ability to use hand and precision tools, diagnostic equipment, skill in electrical troubleshooting and general engine repair.
Union apprenticeships are available. Apprentices must have a high school diploma or its equivalent and be at least 18 years old. Apprenticeship programs usually last four years.
ADVANCEMENT
For diesel mechanics, advancement is primarily in the form of more money and better assignments. Both result from increased experience and skill; occasionally formal training in new equipment is available and helpful. Diesel mechanics may also be promoted to supervisory positions, but opportunities are limited and competition is keen. A few mechanics advance to positions such as field service engineer or parts and supplies account representative.
FINDING THE JOB
Job seekers should apply directly with employers and unions. Applicants who attend trade schools should also consult with the school's placement office. Newspaper advertisements are another source of job leads. Job seekers may also contact the local Job Service Office of the California Employment Development Department.
ADDITIONAL SOURCES OF INFORMATION
Locals of the International Association of Machinists and Aerospace Workers and locals of the Operating Engineers Union often have information concerning job availability.
RELATED OCCUPATIONAL GUIDES
Automobile Mechanics No. 24 Automobile Body Repairers No. 68
OCCUPATIONAL CODE REFERENCES
DOT (Dictionary of Occupational Titles, 4th Ed., 1991) Maintenance Mechanic 620.281-046 Mechanic, Industrial Truck 620.281-050 Diesel Mechanic 625.281-010
OES (Occupational Employment Statistics) System Bus and Truck Mechanics 853110
Source: State of California, Employment Development Department,
Labor Market Information Division, Information Services Group,
(916) 262-2162.
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